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An Shigao and Early Chinese Meditation Techniques¹ Phra Kiattisak Kittipanyo² (University of Otago) An Shigao安世高 (147~168 CE) played an important role in the early transmission of Buddhism into China

An Shigao (147-168 CE) significantly influenced the early transmission of Buddhism in China. Despite a focus on his ethnicity and translation style, he is recognized as a respected meditation master.

considered to have already appeared in the early Buddhist schools (Hinayāna) period at the latest and to have been widely recognized by at least two schools in company of them. Throughout a study of t

… on: (1) Two Pāli stanzas aiding the understanding of Chinese transliterated terms; (2) The role of Chinese translations in the textual criticism of Jatakāpalī stanzas across various versions; (3) Lexical differences bet…

Kohn, Livia, and Yoshinobu Sakade. Taoist Meditation and Longevity Techniques. Center for Chinese Studies, University of Michigan, 1989. Mair, Victor H. “What Is Geyi, After All?” In Philosophy and Re

This collection examines various texts that shed light on the development of Chinese philosophical thought and literary traditions. Works range from Livia Kohn's exploration of Taoist meditation pract

Muller, A. Charles, ed. “Digital Dictionary of Buddhism.” Digital Dictionary of Buddhism 電子佛教辭典, n.d. Accessed December 4, 2012. —. “Yi 意, Mention.” Digital Dictionary of Buddhism, Nattier, Jan. 200

This compilation features key works in early Chinese Buddhism, including the Digital Dictionary of Buddhism edited by A. Charles Muller, and significant contributions from scholars such as Jan Nattier

…sed primarily on the Tibetan version but also in conjunction with a careful comparison of the three Chinese translations. Annotated footnotes are included to help readers understand the text. I hope this series of transl…

Samayabhedoparacanacakra ที่ประพันธ์โดยพระเถระ Vasumitra ของนิกาย Sarvāstivāda มีอยู่ในฉบับแปลภาษาจีนสามฉบับและฉบับทิเบตหนึ่งฉบับ โดยรายงานประเพณีที่สำคัญเกี่ยวกับวันปรินิพพานและการแตกนิกายครั้งแรก บท

…ิจารณ์ (3) (3) 97 version but also in conjunction with a careful comparison of the three Chinese translations. Annotated footnotes are included to help readers understand the text. In this paper, I translate a…

ในเอกสารนี้ ผมได้ทำการแปล Samayabhedoparacanacakra พร้อมด้วยเชิงอรรถวิจารณ์เพื่อช่วยให้ผู้อ่านเข้าใจเนื้อหา โดยมีการเปรียบเทียบการแปลภาษาจีนทั้งสามเวอร์ชันและเนื้อหาของนิกายต่าง ๆ นอกจากนี้ยังได้รวมคำ

Eastern Han Buddhist meditation and Daoism By the middle of the first century CE, a Buddhist community was already in existence in China, and growing. The arrival of translators from Central Asia and

By the first century CE, Buddhism had begun to take root in China, with translators arriving from Central Asia and India to convert texts into Chinese. They initially faced challenges in accurately co

finding is a method of finding illumination by returning to the fundamental order of the cosmos65. This involves fully emptying out the contents of consciousness until a condition of union with the wa

The text discusses Neidan, a method for achieving union with the cosmos through deep meditation and consciousness emptying. It examines key concepts such as attaining the One, the empty Way, and the P

MIZUNO, K. 1959 “On the Recensions of Milindapañha” in Komazawa Daigaku kenkyu kiyo, (Summary of the Research Studies of University of Komazawa]), 17-55. Chinese Translation: 關於《彌蘭陀王問經》類, 水野弘元《佛教文獻

…ibutes to the understanding of the Nāgasena Bhiksu Sūtra and highlights various perspectives on its Chinese translations. The importance of cross-cultural studies in Buddhist texts is emphasized, showcasing how different…

Buddhist Manuscripts in China: A Case Study of Theravāda Buddhist Manuscripts in Sipsong Panna (Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, PRC) Joe Zhou Ya China, like many other countries in the world, is a c

This article delves into the rich tapestry of Buddhist culture in China, specifically focusing on the Theravāda Buddhism of the Dai people in Sipsong Panna, Yunnan Province. Buddhism's introduction to

Conclusion In conclusion, in this paper I have reviewed An Shigao's career as a meditation master and a translator of Buddhist texts. Based on his translations of meditation sutras I have argued that

In this conclusion, I highlight An Shigao's significant contributions as a meditation master and translator of Buddhist texts. His translation of meditation sutras introduced mindfulness breathing med

ABBREVIATION A manuscript A B manuscript B BLSF British Library Sanskrit Fragments ChinD Chinese translation (Taisho vol. 12 No. 374 pp. 354-603) translated by Dharmaksemа Chi

…t texts and manuscripts, detailing various editions and translations, including Sanskrit fragments, Chinese translations by Dharmaksemā and Fa-xian, as well as Tibetan tipitaka editions. The abbreviation explanations inc…

…sed primarily on the Tibetan version but also in conjunction with a careful comparison of the three Chinese translations. Annotated footnotes are

บทความนี้เป็นการแปลภาษาไทยของ Samayabhedaparacanacakra ที่เขียนโดยพระเถระ Vasumitra ซึ่งแสดงถึงประเพณีสำคัญเกี่ยวกับวันพระพุทธเจ้าปรินิพพาน วันแยกทางครั้งแรกและสาเหตุ รวมถึงนิกายพุทธและหลักปรัชญาต่างๆ

donate palm-leaf scriptures as an act of merit and such donations appear less frequently in the sacred dantam (贽坦) or offering ceremony. Donors prefer to donate Buddhist scriptures printed using mod

This text discusses the decline in donations of traditional palm-leaf scriptures in favor of more accessible and readable texts printed on Chinese and sa-paper. Reasons include cost, legibility, and t

Harrison, Paul M., trans. 1998. *The Pratyutpanna samādhi sūtra,* BDK English Tripiṭaka. Berkeley, CA: Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research. Harrison, Paul. 2006. "Vajracchedikā Prajñāp

This collection features key translations and studies of Buddhist manuscripts, highlighting the work of scholars like Paul M. Harrison and Jens-Uwe Hartmann. Notable texts include the Pratyutpanna sam

Chen Hui Zhuan 陳慧攢, and The SAT Daizōkyō Text Database. “Yin Chi Ru Jing Zhu 陰持入經註 T1694.” Tripitaka. Tokyo, November 28, 2011. The SAT Daizōkyō Text Database. Deleanu, Florin. 1997. “A Preliminary S

This compilation includes various studies and translations relevant to Buddhist texts, focusing on significant works such as 'Yin Chi Ru Jing Zhu' and 'Wu Men Chan Jing Yao Yongfa'. Scholars like Chen

What kind of meditation did An Shigao introduce into Eastern Han China? An Shigao and other Central Asian translators were welcomed into Eastern Han China (25-220 CE), by the cultured elites who were

An Shigao, notable for his translations, played a key role in introducing meditation practices to Eastern Han China (25-220 CE). The prevalent form during this period was breathing meditation, particu

In this paper I explore the connections between An Shigao and the introduction of the Indian Buddhist meditation technique of mindfulness breathing meditation, or ānāpānasmṛti, into Eastern Han China.

This paper examines An Shigao's role in introducing the Indian mindfulness breathing meditation technique, ānāpānasmṛti, into Eastern Han China. The phrase「息中具有四大。 而心在中」suggests that the mind should f

From Sengyou’s CSZJJ, we learn that there are two Anban[shouyi] jing sutras which were translated by An Shigao:37 安般守意經一卷 安錄云：『小安般經』。（CSZJJ p.5c 23: “corresponding to a Smaller Anban jing” 大安般經一卷（CSZJ

This content examines An Shigao's translations of Anban sutras, highlighting the distinctions between the Present Da Anban shouyi jing and the Kongo-ji Anban shouyi jing. The text discusses the integr

The SAT Daizōkyō Text Database Committee. “出三藏記集 (No. 2145 (僧祐提)) in Vol. 55.” Taishō Shinshū Daizōkyō (大正新修大藏經), March 17, 1998. http://21dzk.l.u-tokyo.ac.jp/SAT/ddb-sat2.php?mode=detail&useid=2145,_

This collection includes significant Buddhist texts and studies, such as the Mahāyāna Buddhism foundations by Paul Williams and insights into early Chinese Buddhism by Erik Zürcher. Scholarly works di